Genetics and Heredity
dna
Deoxyribonucleic acid, a molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life.
genome
The complete set of genetic material present in a cell or organism.
Glossary Reference
Scientific terms related to DNA, inheritance, genes, and biological traits.
dna
Deoxyribonucleic acid, a molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life.
genome
The complete set of genetic material present in a cell or organism.
chromosome
A chromosome is a long, thread-like structure composed of DNA and proteins that carries genetic information.
gene
A unit of hereditary information that occupies a specific location on a chromosome.
allele
An allele is a variant form of a gene that can occupy a specific location on a chromosome.
phenotype
The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, as determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.
genotype
The genetic constitution of an individual organism.
mutation
A change or alteration, typically in genetic structure.
heterozygous
Having different alleles for a particular gene.
homozygous
Having identical alleles for a specific gene.
inheritance
Something that is received from someone after their death, especially money or property.
dominant
Most important, powerful, or influential.
recessive
Describes a characteristic that can be masked by a dominant trait in genetics.
punnett square
A diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing all possible combinations of alleles from the parents.
genetic variation
Differences in the genetic makeup of individuals within a population.
locus
A particular place or location.
mendelian inheritance
The set of genetic principles formulated by Gregor Mendel that explains how traits are inherited through generations.
hybrid
A thing made by combining two different elements; a mixture.
transcription
The act of transcribing or a written or typed version of something.
translation
The process of translating words or text from one language into another.
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