down

IPA: dˈaʊn

noun

  • A negative aspect; a downer, a downside.
  • (dated) A grudge (on someone).
  • An act of swallowing an entire drink at once.
  • (American football) A single play, from the time the ball is snapped (the start) to the time the whistle is blown (the end) when the ball is down, or is downed.
  • (crosswords) A clue whose solution runs vertically in the grid.
  • A downstairs room of a two-story house.
  • Down payment.
  • The lightest quark with a charge number of −¹⁄₃.
  • (especially southern England) A hill, especially a chalk hill; rolling grassland
  • (usually in the plural) A field, especially one used for horse racing.
  • (UK, chiefly in the plural) A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep.
  • Soft, fluffy immature feathers which grow on young birds. Used as insulating material in duvets, sleeping bags and jackets.
  • (botany) The pubescence of plants; the hairy crown or envelope of the seeds of certain plants, such as the thistle.
  • The soft hair of the face when beginning to appear.
  • That which is made of down, as a bed or pillow; that which affords ease and repose, like a bed of down.
  • One of the six traditional counties of Northern Ireland, usually known as County Down.
  • A surname.

verb

  • (transitive) To knock (someone or something) down; to cause to come down; to fell.
  • (transitive) Specifically, to cause (something in the air) to fall to the ground; to bring down (with a missile etc.).
  • (transitive) To lower; to put (something) down.
  • (transitive, figurative) To defeat; to overpower.
  • (transitive, colloquial) To disparage; to put down.
  • (intransitive, rare or obsolete) To go or come down; to descend.
  • (transitive, colloquial) To drink or swallow, especially without stopping before the vessel containing the liquid is empty.
  • (transitive, American football, Canadian football) To render (the ball) dead, typically by touching the ground while in possession.
  • (transitive, golf, pocket billiards) To sink (a ball) into a hole or pocket.
  • (transitive) To cover, ornament, line, or stuff with down.

adjective

  • Facing downwards.
  • At a lower level than before.
  • (informal) Sad, unhappy, depressed, feeling low.
  • Sick, wounded, or damaged:
  • (normally in the combination 'down with') Sick or ill.
  • (not comparable, military, law enforcement, slang, of a person) Wounded and unable to move normally, or killed.
  • (veterinary medicine, of a cow) Stranded in a recumbent position; unable to stand.
  • (not comparable, military, aviation, slang, of an aircraft) Mechanically failed, collided, shot down, or otherwise suddenly unable to fly.
  • (not comparable) Inoperable; out of order; out of service.
  • Having a lower score than an opponent.
  • (baseball, cricket, colloquial, following the noun modified) Out.
  • (colloquial, with "on") Negative about; hostile to.
  • (Canada, US, slang) Comfortable [with]; accepting [of]; okay [with].
  • (African-American Vernacular, slang) Accepted, respected, or loyally participating in the (thug) community.
  • Finished (of a task); defeated or dealt with (of an opponent or obstacle); elapsed (of time). Often coupled with to go (remaining).
  • Thoroughly practiced, learned or memorised; mastered. (Compare down pat.)
  • (obsolete) Downright; absolute; positive.
  • (of a tree, limb, etc) Fallen or felled.
  • (rail transport, of a train) Travelling in the direction leading away from the principal terminus, away from milepost zero.

adverb

  • (comparable) From a higher position to a lower one; downwards.
  • (comparable) At a lower or further place or position along a set path.
  • As a down payment.
  • On paper (or in a durable record).
  • To the south (as south is at the bottom of typical maps).
  • Away from the city (regardless of direction).
  • At or towards any place that is visualised as 'down' by virtue of local features or local convention, or arbitrarily, irrespective of direction or elevation change.
  • (sports) Towards the opponent's side (in ball-sports).
  • Into a state of non-operation.
  • To a subordinate or less prestigious position or rank.
  • (rail transport) In the direction leading away from the principal terminus, away from milepost zero.
  • (sentence substitute, imperative) Get down.
  • (UK, academia, dated) Away from Oxford or Cambridge.
  • From a remoter or higher antiquity.
  • So as to lessen quantity, level or intensity.
  • So as to reduce size, weight or volume.
  • From less to greater detail.
  • So as to secure or compress something to the floor, ground, or other (usually horizontal) surface.
  • Used with verbs to indicate that the action of the verb was carried to some state of completion, permanence, or success rather than being of indefinite duration.
  • Forward, straight ahead.
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